Welcome To The Doby Marlian's Blog: Temperature

Temperature

Temperatures indicate the degree of body heat. Simply, the higher the temperature of an object, the hotter the object. Microscopically, the temperature shows the energy possessed by an object. Every atom in an object of each move, either in the form of displacement or movement in the form of vibration. Increasingly high energy atoms making up the object, the higher the temperature of the object.
Temperature is also called the temperature measured with a thermometer. Four kinds of thermometer is best known for Celsius, Reumur, Fahrenheit and Kelvin. Comparison between one type of thermometer with other thermometers follows:

C: R: (F-32) = 5:4:9 and
K = C - 273. (Degrees)

Because of the Kelvin to degrees Celsius, starting from 273 degrees Kelvin, rather than -273 degrees. And start at 0 degrees Celsius degrees. Kelvin temperature as its comparison with the 5:5 degrees Celsius, therefore, to change the temperature to another temperature, you should use or convert it into degrees Celsius in advance, because if we use the Kelvin would be more complicated to change it to another temperature . Example: K = R 4/5X [300-273] instead of: C = R 4/5X27 For example:

and

Temperature Measurement

Qualitatively, we can know that the temperature is cold or warm sensation of an object that is felt when touched. Quantitatively, we can find out by using a thermometer. Temperature can be measured using a thermometer containing mercury or alcohol. The word thermometer is derived from two words namely thermo meaning heat and meter meaning measure (to measure)

Type of thermometer
Several types of thermometers include:
• alcohol thermometer
• basal thermometer
• mercury thermometers
• an oral thermometer
• Galileo thermometer
• infrared thermometer
• liquid crystal thermometer
• thermistor
• i-metal mechanical thermometers
• electrical resistance thermometer
• reversing thermometer
• Silicon bandgap temperature sensor
• Six's thermometer, also known as the maximum minimum thermometer
• thermocouple
• coulomb blockade thermometer

• Thermometers are often used
The thermometer is usually used as follows:

Thermometer bulb (mercury or alcohol)

• Using a large bubble (bulb) in place to accommodate the lower end of the liquid, and a narrow tube (capillary holes) to emphasize the change in volume or fluid expansion.

• Based on the principle of a liquid volume changes according to temperature. Fluid filled sometimes colored alcohol but can also be a metallic liquid called mercury, both of which expand when heated and shrink when cooled

• There are a number of glass tubes along a sign of the temperature scale.

• Advantages include thermometer bulb requires no tools, relatively inexpensive, is not easily contaminated with chemicals that are suitable for chemical laboratories, and low thermal conductivity.

• Weaknesses thermometer bulb, among others, easily broken, easily contaminated liquid (alcohol or mercury), contamination of glass / glass, and a complicated measurement procedure (immersion).

• Use the thermometer bulb should protect the bulb from impact and avoid measurements that exceed the scale of the thermometer.

• Sources of error thermometer bulb:
- Time constant effect, the time it takes the heat conduction from the outside to the middle of the capillary stem
- Thermal capacity effects, if the mass is measured relatively small, a lot of heat absorbed by the thermometer and reduce the actual temperature
- Liquids (alcohol, mercury) are disconnected
- Error reading
- Fault dipping

Thermometers spring

• Using a coil (flat plate) made of metal that is sensitive to heat, at the end of spring there is a pointer.

• When the hot air, coil (metal) expands so the pointer moves up, whereas when the cold metal shrank pointer moves down. In general, this thermometer the lowest accuracy in the appeal and a digital thermometer bulb.

• The use of spring thermometer should always protect the capillary tube and the tip of the sensor (probe) to the collision / friction. In addition, its use should not exceed the temperature scale and should be put in place that is not affected vibration.

Non-contact thermometer

Infrared thermometer, the temperature detection during object observed optically, infrared light energy radiation is measured, and served as a temperature, by knowing the amount of infrared energy emitted by the object and its emissions, the temperature of the object can be distinguished.
electronic thermometer
There are two types that are used in processing, ie, thermocouple and resistance thermometer. Typically, the industry uses a nominal resistance of 100 ohms at 0 ° C so-called Pt-100 sensor. Pt is the symbol for platinum, standard sensitivity sensor 100 ohms is nominal 0385 ohm / ° C, RTDs with a sensitivity 0375 and 0392 ohm / ° C is also available.

Electronic thermometer

There are two types that are used in processing, ie, thermocouple and resistance thermometer. Typically, the industry uses a nominal resistance of 100 ohms at 0 ° C so-called Pt-100 sensor. Pt is the symbol for platinum, standard sensitivity sensor 100 ohms is nominal 0385 ohm / ° C, RTDs with a sensitivity 0375 and 0392 ohm / ° C is also available.

Unit of temperature

Referring to the SI unit of temperature is Kelvin (K). Other scales are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Reamur.
On the Celsius scale, 0 ° C is the point where water freezes and 100 ° C is the boiling point of water at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. This scale is the most commonly used in the world. Celsius scale is also similar to Kelvin Kelvin thus turning them into just added 273 (or 273.15 to be more precise).
Fahrenheit scale is a scale commonly used in the United States. Freezing temperature of water is 32 ° F and the boiling point of water is 212 ° F.
As a standard unit, requires no sign of degrees Kelvin in writing. For example just written a temperature of 20 K only, not to 20 ° K.

Changing the Temperature Scale

An easy way to convert from Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Reamur is by considering the ratio C: F: R = 5:9:4. The trick, is (Scale goal) / (initial scale) xSuhu. From Celsius to Fahrenheit after using it that way, added