* Definition of Heart
Heart or in the English language is known as the heart (Latin, cor) is a hollow organ that pumps blood through blood vessels with a pulse that one word is repeated. The term means kardium related to heart, from the Greek cardia for "heart".
Heart or in the English language is known as the heart (Latin, cor) is a hollow organ that pumps blood through blood vessels with a pulse that one word is repeated. The term means kardium related to heart, from the Greek cardia for "heart".
* Structure
In the human body, the heart is located slightly left of center of the chest, and behind the breastbone (sternum). He is enveloped by a sac called the pericardium and is surrounded by the lungs. On average, adult heart weighs about 300-350 g. It consists of four chambers, two atria and two ventricles at the bottom.
In the human body, the heart is located slightly left of center of the chest, and behind the breastbone (sternum). He is enveloped by a sac called the pericardium and is surrounded by the lungs. On average, adult heart weighs about 300-350 g. It consists of four chambers, two atria and two ventricles at the bottom.
The thick muscular
wall (septum) dividing the right atrium and ventricle
from the left atrium
and ventricle. He
separates and terdeoksigen
oxygenated blood from
mixing. Valves between
the atria and the ventricles only allow one-way
flow of blood from
the atria to the ventricles.
Ventricle is the heart that pumps blood throughout the body including the lungs. Ventricular wall is thicker than the atrial, and ventricular wall contraction is more important to ensure blood flow.
Ventricle is the heart that pumps blood throughout the body including the lungs. Ventricular wall is thicker than the atrial, and ventricular wall contraction is more important to ensure blood flow.
Terdeoksigen blood
from the body enters the right atrium through two channels, superior
vena cava (superior
vena Cava) and
inferior vena cava
(inferior vena Cava). Blood then flows into
the right ventricle. Right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs via
terdeoksigen pulmonary artery. After the blood loses
carbon dioxide and
absorb oxygen from the lungs, it flows through
the pulmonary vein into the left atrium. From
the left atrium, oxygenated blood
is pumped into the
left ventricle. The left
ventricle is the main pump that delivers blood
through the aorta to the rest
of the body except the lungs.
The left ventricle is
thicker than the right. This is caused by the
need to wear high pressure to
overcome the hurdles imposed by the body. Right
ventricle pumps blood to just
have lungs, so he did not need a strong wall of
muscle. It is
also necessary for two reasons:
1) pulmonary capillaries are weak high pressure
will damage the capillaries
and 2) a slow blood
flow is necessary
to give time
for the exchange of gases between the blood and lungs.
Heart wall consists
of three layers.
The outermost layer is called the pericardium (pericardium), middle layer is called myokardium
(myocardium), and the innermost layer called the
endocardium (endocardium). Pericardium subdivided to
two layers of
fibrous pericardium (outer) and serous
pericardium (in). Myokardium is the
thickest layer and consists
of the heart muscle. He formed the majority of the entire wall of the heart. Endocardium is the innermost layer
consisting of flat
epithelial cells and
connective tissue.
Blood supply to
supply much needed nutrients, especially oxygen,
to the heart. This blood is supplied by the left
and right coronary artery, which branched
out from the aorta. The blood supply to the heart is called coronary blood
cycle
* Cardiac Cycle
involves a sequence of each
heartbeat, known as the "cardiac
cycle". It is
divided into three sections:
"atrial systole" (atrial systole), "ventricular
systole" (ventricular systole) and "cardiac
diastole fully" (complete cardiac diastole).
Atrial systole is
the contraction of both atria,
ventricular systole is the contraction of both ventricles, whereas the cardiac diastole
is also an overall
relaxation of the heart muscles.
When atrial systole
occurs, atrioventricular valve opens. Blood
is pumped into the ventricles. When the end
of atrial systole, ventricular systole begins
anyway. High pressure in the ventricles causes
the atrioventricular valve
is closed, and sickle
valve (semilunar valves)
open. This causes
the blood is only pumped into the aorta and
pulmonary artery but not into the atrium.
Cardiac Diastole occurs
after the blood is pumped out of the heart. At this
time, blood in the aorta would flow back
into the heart, but this did not happen due to the
closure of the valve crescent.
Heart sound we hear is that
the closure of the atrioventricular
valve (first sound) and sickle valve
closure (second voice).
~ Rules cardiac cycle
Cardiac muscle is myogenik. This means that unlike
skeletal muscles that require stimulation (either conscious or reflex),
stimulation of the heart muscle is automatic. Rhythmic contractions occur
alone, although the frequency may change due to anxiety, the effect of
hormones, exercise, or feel threatened.
Rhythmic contractions is coordinated by the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node. Sinoatrial node, often called the pacemaker, located at the top wall of the right atrium and is responsible generating electrical impulses that initiate atrial contraction. When this impulse arrives at the atrioventricular node, located in the wall between ventricular chamber, he would slowed a bit. It aims to ensure that the atrium has to contract fully. After that, the impulse is passed through the bundle of His (bundle of His) in the septum and flowed into the ventricular walls. This impulse causes the contraction of the ventricles occurs.
The heart can continue beating even after removed from a living human body. It is constantly amazing people throughout the ages. Even the Aztecs who lived in South America have been so impressed with the ability of the heart beating outside the body, so that they apply to human sacrifice took the heart out of sacrificial victims alive as presented to the god of the sun.
Rhythmic contractions is coordinated by the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node. Sinoatrial node, often called the pacemaker, located at the top wall of the right atrium and is responsible generating electrical impulses that initiate atrial contraction. When this impulse arrives at the atrioventricular node, located in the wall between ventricular chamber, he would slowed a bit. It aims to ensure that the atrium has to contract fully. After that, the impulse is passed through the bundle of His (bundle of His) in the septum and flowed into the ventricular walls. This impulse causes the contraction of the ventricles occurs.
The heart can continue beating even after removed from a living human body. It is constantly amazing people throughout the ages. Even the Aztecs who lived in South America have been so impressed with the ability of the heart beating outside the body, so that they apply to human sacrifice took the heart out of sacrificial victims alive as presented to the god of the sun.
* Disease and treatment
Field research
on the heart is known as cardiology. Important
for heart disease
include:
* Coronary heart disease
is the lack of oxygen
supply to the heart muscle
causes severe chest
pain and non
selesaan called angina.
* Myocardial infarction or commonly known as heart disease occurs due to cardiac cell death caused by impaired blood to the heart cycle. Coronary heart disease continued to cause heart disease.
* Congestive heart failure or heart failure is the loss of cardiac pump power.
* Endocarditis, myokarditis and pericarditis is an inflammation of the heart.
* Cardiac Arrhythmia is the uncertainty of the heart beating.
* Myocardial infarction or commonly known as heart disease occurs due to cardiac cell death caused by impaired blood to the heart cycle. Coronary heart disease continued to cause heart disease.
* Congestive heart failure or heart failure is the loss of cardiac pump power.
* Endocarditis, myokarditis and pericarditis is an inflammation of the heart.
* Cardiac Arrhythmia is the uncertainty of the heart beating.
If the blocked
coronary artery, where the problem can be shortcut
by coronary artery bypass operation (coronary artery bypass surgery) or
it can be dilated by angioplasty methods.
Beta blockers are drugs that lower heart rate and blood pressure and reducing cardiac demand for oxygen. Nitroglycerin and other materials that provide nitric oxide (NO) is used to treat heart disease because it causes the development of coronary arteries.
Artificial pacemaker (artificial pacemaker) implanted into patients who suffer cardiac arrhythmia.
Transfer heart performed on patients who develop coronary heart disease or end stage heart failure.
Beta blockers are drugs that lower heart rate and blood pressure and reducing cardiac demand for oxygen. Nitroglycerin and other materials that provide nitric oxide (NO) is used to treat heart disease because it causes the development of coronary arteries.
Artificial pacemaker (artificial pacemaker) implanted into patients who suffer cardiac arrhythmia.
Transfer heart performed on patients who develop coronary heart disease or end stage heart failure.
* Associated with heart disease
* Coronary heart disease
* Heart disease
* Heart disease
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